AccScience Publishing / HPR / Online First / DOI: 10.36922/hpr.0488
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RESEARCH ARTICLE

Smoking cessation treatment needs of lung cancer patients: Adaptation of a motivation and problem-solving (MAPS) intervention

Ursula Martinez1,2* ,  Honor W. Woodward3,4 ,  Cherell Cottrell-Daniels5 ,  Sarah R. Jones3 ,  Heather Krawec3 ,  Damon J. Vidrine3,6 ,  David W. Wetter7 ,  Vani N. Simmons3,4,6** ,  Jennifer I. Vidrine3,4,6**
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1 Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States
2 Cancer Control and Population Sciences, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States
3 Department of Health Outcomes and Behavior, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida, United States
4 Department of Psychology, College of Arts and Sciences, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, United States
5 Research Department, Health Choice Network, Miami, Florida, United States
6 Department of Oncologic Sciences, College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, United States
7 Department of Population Health Sciences, Center for Population Health Outcomes and Population Equity, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Utah, United States
HPR, 0488 https://doi.org/10.36922/hpr.0488
Received: 13 January 2026 | Revised: 29 April 2026 | Accepted: 11 May 2026 | Published online: 29 May 2026
© 2026 by the Author(s). This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution -Noncommercial 4.0 International License (CC-by the license) ( https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ )
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Abstract

Background: Lung cancer patients have unique experiences, such as heightened stigma and specific needs (e.g., pain and distress), that may influence motivation to quit smoking and receptivity to tobacco treatment.

Objective: We conducted formative research to inform the adaptation of a motivation and problem-solving (MAPS) treatment evaluated among cervical cancer survivors to address the needs of individuals with lung cancer.

Methods: We conducted 10 individual interviews with lung cancer patients who smoked. Interviews were recorded, transcribed, and analyzed using NVivo.

Results: Participants had a mean age of 66, most were women and non-Hispanic White. Participants had smoked for about 42 years, 80% smoked daily/almost daily, and 70% smoked ≤10 cigarettes per day. Most acknowledged smoking as a potential cause of their cancer and were motivated to quit. Exacerbation of cancer-related stressors, addiction, and stigma were identified as challenges to cessation. Topics of interest included the effect of smoking on cancer prognosis and treatment, pharmacotherapy side effects and interactions, trigger management, positive reinforcement, and social support. Wellness plan topics, such as stress management, finances, diet, and physical activity, were also endorsed. Minor revisions to the manual were made to address stigma and ensure the appropriateness of recommended strategies for patients with lung cancer.

Conclusion: Findings from the current formative investigation were highly consistent with our previous adaptation of MAPS for cervical cancer survivors. This overlap in tobacco treatment needs of two substantially different groups of cancer survivors suggests that MAPS may be appropriate across a broad spectrum of cancer types.

Keywords
Smoking
Smoking cessation
Lung cancer
Oncology
Survivorship
Funding
This work was supported by the Moffitt Cancer Center Foundation, Lung Cancer Center of Excellence (Project number 09-33685-20-04; MPIs: Simmons and J Vidrine). This work has been supported in part by the Participant Research, Interventions, and Measurements (PRISM) Shared Resource at the H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, a National Cancer Institute-designated Comprehensive Cancer Center (P30CA076292). Dr. Cottrell-Daniels was supported by a National Cancer Institute Training grant (T32CA090314-18). Dr. Martinez is currently supported by a career development award funded by the National Cancer Institute (K22CA276255).
Conflict of interest
The authors declare no conflicts of interest.
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